Knowledge of Healthcare Workers Regarding the Importance of Early Detection of Cervical Cancer in Karbala, Iraq: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

Kawakib Majid Hussein Abd

doi:10.59675/U424

Authors

Kawakib Majid Hussein Abd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Kerbala, Karbala, Iraq. Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59675/U424

Keywords:

Cervical cancer; Early detection; Healthcare workers; Knowledge assessment.

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer is a significant public health problem, despite being almost preventable via vaccination and screening. Early recognition can enhance the chances for prompt management. One of the most important roles of healthcare workers is education, promotion of screening, and early recognition. Objectives: To assess the awareness of healthcare personnel regarding early detection of cervical cancer in Karbala, Iraq, and to investigate some demographic and practice-related factors. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 162 healthcare workers in two healthcare facilities in Karbala city, Iraq (Al-Hasan Al-Mujtaba Hospital and Gynaecology and Obstetrics Hospital) between September 1, 2024, and September 1, 2025. We used convenience sampling to select participants. We collected data using a structured questionnaire, completed in Arabic and English in paper and electronic formats. We validated the content with 25 experts, including 15 obstetricians and gynaecologists, seven public health experts, and three nurses. We used SPSS version 26 to analyse the data. Results: Among the 162 participants, 84 (51.85%) were aged 25–29 years, 131 (80.86%) were female, and 46 (28.40%) were nurses. 72 (44.44%) participants were from Al-Hasan Al-Mujtaba Hospital, while 90 (55.56%) were from the Gynaecology and Obstetrics Hospital. Regarding experience, 93 (57.41%) had 1–5 years of experience. A total of 140 (86.42%) reported recommending cervical cancer screening, and 140 (86.42%) reported a need for further training. Poor knowledge was reported for 89 participants (54.7%), moderate knowledge for 54 (33.5%), and good knowledge for 19 (11.8%). The mean knowledge score was 4.42 ± 1.76. Conclusion: Most participants had poor or moderate knowledge. The mean knowledge score was 4.42 ± 1.76. Continuing education and training should be directed towards cervical cancer prevention, screening, HPV, risk factors, and early detection. However, interpret the reported associations with caution, as no participant-level data were available to verify them.

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